Num8ers physics reference
Complete K-12 Physics Formula Guide
Search 470 physics formulas across measurement, motion, forces, energy, momentum, waves, sound, optics, electricity, magnetism, atomic physics, nuclear physics, modern physics, astronomy, and AP or IB extensions.
How to use this physics guide
Search by formula, variable, or topic.
Filter by a category pill.
Read the expression, definition, and variables.
Use the mini calculator for common formulas.
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470 of 470 formulas shown.
Physics Formula FAQs
Does this K-12 physics formula page include all 470 formulas?
Yes. It includes all 470 formulas from the uploaded K-12 physics checklist, grouped by category with formulas, definitions, and variable explanations.
How should students use this physics formula guide?
Search a topic or variable, read the formula and variables, then substitute values with matching units.
What is the speed formula?
Speed is v = d / t, where d is distance and t is time.
What is the velocity formula?
Average velocity is v = Delta x / Delta t, using displacement rather than total distance.
What is the acceleration formula?
Acceleration is a = Delta v / Delta t, the change in velocity per unit time.
What are the main equations of motion?
For constant acceleration, use v = u + at, s = ut + 1/2 at^2, and v^2 = u^2 + 2as.
What is Newton's second law?
Newton's second law is F = ma, meaning net force equals mass times acceleration.
What is the weight formula?
Weight is W = mg, where m is mass and g is gravitational field strength.
What is the work formula?
Work is W = Fd cos theta, using the component of force along displacement.
What is kinetic energy?
Kinetic energy is K = 1/2 mv^2, the energy an object has because of motion.
What is gravitational potential energy?
Near Earth, gravitational potential energy is U = mgh.
What is the power formula?
Power is P = W / t, the rate at which work is done or energy is transferred.
What is momentum?
Momentum is p = mv, mass times velocity.
What is impulse?
Impulse is J = F Delta t and also equals change in momentum.
What is centripetal force?
Centripetal force is F = mv^2 / r, directed toward the center of circular motion.
What is the wave speed formula?
Wave speed is v = f lambda, where f is frequency and lambda is wavelength.
What is Ohm's law?
Ohm's law is V = IR, connecting voltage, current, and resistance.
What is electrical power?
Electrical power is P = VI, and can also be written P = I^2R or P = V^2/R.
What is the lens formula?
The thin lens relation is 1/f = 1/do + 1/di, connecting focal length and object/image distances.
What is the half-life formula in nuclear physics?
Half-life is t1/2 = ln2 / lambda, where lambda is the decay constant.